There are two main types of jobs in the economy: those that provide tangible products or goods (in food, buildings, clothing, tools), and those that provide services or assistance (e.g. health, education, entertainment, communications, management, maintenance, tourism).
1. Jobs that provide goods involve creating, manufacturing, or distributing physical items that people can touch and use. These include careers in agriculture, construction, manufacturing, and retail. For example, farmers produce food, builders construct homes and offices, and factory workers create clothing, tools, and electronics. Such jobs are essential for meeting people’s basic needs and supporting the material foundation of society.
2. Jobs that provide services focus on helping people achieve goals or improve their quality of life rather than producing physical products. These include roles in healthcare, education, entertainment, communications, management, maintenance, and tourism. For instance, teachers provide knowledge and skills, doctors and nurses promote health, and IT professionals ensure the smooth functioning of digital systems.
When choosing a career or job, one of the first considerations should be whether you want to work in a goods-producing industry or a service-oriented one. People who enjoy working with their hands, building things, or seeing concrete results might be drawn to goods-producing jobs.
Those who prefer interacting with people, solving problems, or supporting others may find service industries more fulfilling.
In most developed countries, including Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States, service industries dominate the job market. In fact, around 80% of all employment is found in service sectors such as healthcare, education, finance, retail, and information technology. This reflects broader economic trends toward automation and globalisation, where manufacturing has become more efficient and many economies now rely heavily on knowledge, information, and customer service.