Abnormal Psychology

In 1999, nearly 15 million people in America admitted using illicit drugs in the prior month. Drug use is widespread, from the person who uses coffee and tea to get up in morning, to cigarettes and soft drinks to stay alert during the day, to using alcohol as a way to relax. The opportunity for drug abuse is there. People who abuse drugs risk their close personal relationships and their work performance. The pathological use of substances falls into two categories – substance dependence and substance abuse.

Substance use disorders are conditions that arise from misuse of alcohol, psychoactive drugs and other chemicals. This if also people who report symptoms attributed to the effects of drug abuse, the side effects of medications, or exposure to toxic materials

Substance use disorders are usually classified further as follows:

• abuse (harmful use)
• dependence
• intoxication
• withdrawal states
• psychotic disorders
• amnestic syndromes

Learn to identify common categories of psychological disorder and their causes, and how they can affect a person's behaviour.

Lesson Structure

There are 11 lessons in this course:

1. Disorders Usually First Diagnosed in Infancy
   • Criteria for determining abnormality
   • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
   • Childhood Disorders
   • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
   • Conduct Disorder
   • Mental Retardation
   • Aspergers Disorder
   • Stereotypic Movement Disorder
   • Normal Functioning
   • Depression in Childhood
   • Anxiety Disorders
   • Types of Therapy; Alderian, Behaviourm, Existential, Gestalt, Person Centred Therapy, Psycho analysis, Rational Emotive, Reality Therapy, Transactional.
2. Delirium, Dementia, Amnesic and Other Cognitive Disorders
   • Types of cognitive disorders
   • Delirium
   • Dementia
   • Types of Dementia
   • Alzheimers Disease
   • Comparing Dementia and Delerium
   • Amnesia
   • Cognitive Disorder NOS
   • Pseudo Dementia
   • Research Methods in Biopsychology
3. Substance-Related Disorders
   • Scope and nature of Substance Abuse
   • Reasons for Using Drugs
   • Substance Dependance
   • Intoxication and Withrawal
   • Alcohol Dependance and DT's
   • Substance Dependance
   • Substance Abuse
   • Drug Misuse
   • Classes of Drugs
   • Amphetamines
   • Cocaine
   • Crack
   • Opium and Heroin
   • LSD
   • Other Drugs, steroids, ritalin, inhalants, etc
   • Risks with specific drugs
   • Older adults susceptible to Prescription Misuse
4. Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
   • Scope and nature
   • Psychosis
   • Treating Psychosis
   • Schizoaffective Disorders
   • Delusional (Paranoid) Disorders
   • Onset of Schizophrenia
   • Symptoms of Schizophrenia
   • Treating Schizophrenia
   • Schizophrenia and violence
   • Biology of Schizophrenia
   • Anipsychotic Medications
   • Psychosocial Treatments
   • Role of the Patients Support System
5. Mood Disorders
   • Depressive Disorders
   • Determining Type of Depression
   • Unipolar disorders and bipolar disorders.
   • Risk Factors for Depression
   • Men and Depression
   • Diagnostic Evaluation and Treatment
   • Types of Treatment
6. Anxiety Disorders
   • Scope and Nature
   • Anxiety Symptoms
   • Generalised anxiety disorders
   • Phobic anxiety disorders
   • Panic disorder
   • Treatments -intervention, drugs, etc.
   • Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
7. Somatoform, Factitious, and Dissociative Disorders
   • Somatisation Disorder
   • Conversion Disorder
   • Pain Disorder
   • Hypochondriasis
   • Body Disymorphic Disorder
   • Factitios Disorders;types, symptoms, causes, diagnosis
   • Munchausens Syndrome
   • Disconnective Disorders
   • Psychogenic Amnesia
   • Psychogenic Fague
   • Disconnective Identity Disorder
   • Depersonalisation Disorder
8. Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders
   • Scope and Nature
   • Hypoactive Sexual Disorder
   • Sexual Aversion
   • Fermale Sexual Arousal Disorder
   • Male Erectile Disorder
   • Female and Male Orgasmic Disorders
   • Premature Ejaculation
   • Dispareunia
   • Vaginismus
   • Secodary Sexual Dysfunction
   • Paraphylias
   • Paedophilia
   • Gender Identity Disorder (Transexualism)
9. Eating and Sleep Disorders
   • Scope and nature of Eating Disorders
   • Anerexia Nervosa
   • Biulimia
   • Binge Eating Disorder
   • Treatment Strategies
   • Research Findings and Directions
   • Sleep Disorders; scope and nature
   • Treatments for Sleep Apnea
   • Prognosis for Sleep Apnea
10. Impulse-Control Disorders; Adjustment Disorder
    • Symptoms of adjustment disorders
    • Risk Factors for Adjustment Disorders
    • Impulse Control Disorders
    • Intermittent Explosive Disorder
    • Kleptomania
    • Pyromania
    • Pathological Gambling
    • Trichotillomania
    • Compulsive Skin Picking
11. Personality Disorders
    • Scoipe and Nature of Personality Disorders
    • Antisocial Personality Disorder
    • Avoidant Personality Disorder
    • Dependent Personality Disorder
    • Histrionic Personality Disorder
    • Narcissistic Personality Disorder
    • Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder
    • Paranoid Personality Disorder
    • Schizoid Personality Disorder
    • Borderline Personality Disorder; symptoms, treatment, research, etc.

Each lesson culminates in an assignment which is submitted to the school, marked by the school's tutors and returned to you with any relevant suggestions, comments, and if necessary, extra reading.

Aims

• Identify disorders first prevalent under 18 years of age;
• Describe how you would diagnose a case of suspected Autism in a child of 4 years of age;
• Compare and contrast delirium and dementia;
• Do an internet search for images of PET scans and MRI of brains affected by delirium or dementia include the images an essay discussing these disorders;
• Distinguish between substance abuse disorders and substance dependence disorders;
• Differentiate between psychotic disorders;
• Describe briefly the subtypes of Schizophrenia;
• Distinguish between Unipolar disorders and Bipolar disorders;
• Outline a cognitive model of depression;
• Describe different types of Anxiety Disorders;
• Develop a treatment to overcome a client’s fear of spiders;
• Distinguish between Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders;
• Explain the primary criticisms of dissociative identity disorder;
• Provide a diagnosis of a case study and justify your diagnosis;
• Discuss Gender Identity Disorder, Paraphilias and Sexual Dysfunction;
• Explain what distinguishes a preference of sexual act or object as a paraphilia;
• Identify Eating Disorders and Sleep Disorders;
• Explain how eating disorders develop;
• Distinguish between Impulse Control Disorders and Adjustment disorders;
• Develop a diagnostic table for impulse control disorders;
• Distinguish between different types of Personality Disorder;
• Differentiate between Narcissistic and Histrionic personality disorders.

Some Sample Course Notes -

Unipolar Disorder (also known as recurrent major depression)

Clinical depression is a health condition of depression with mental and physical components reaching criteria generally accepted by clinicians. Although nearly any mood with some element of sadness may colloquially be termed a depression, clinical depression is more than just a temporary state of sadness. Symptoms lasting two weeks or longer in duration, and of a severity that they begin to interfere with daily living, can generally be said to constitute clinical depression. Using DSM-IV-TR terminology, someone with a major depressive disorder can, by definition, be said to be suffering from clinical depression.

Bipolar Disorder (also known as manic depression)

Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is a brain disorder that causes unusual shifts in a person's mood, energy, and ability to function. Different from the normal ups and downs that everyone goes through, the symptoms of bipolar disorder are severe. They can result in damaged relationships, poor job or school performance, and even suicide. But there is good news: bipolar disorder can be treated, and people with this illness can lead full and productive lives.

Bipolar Disorder has also been given the medical name Manic Depression; at various times, it has also been known as Bipolar Affective Disorder and Manic-Depressive Illness. It is a mood disorder that affects approximately 1% of the adult population of most countries. It is in the same family of illnesses (called "affective disorders") as clinical depression. However, unlike clinical depression, which seems to affect far more women than men, Bipolar Disorder seems to affect men and women in approximately equal numbers.

It is characterized by mood swings. Though there is no known cure, most forms of bipolar disorder are eminently treatable with medication and supportive psychotherapy. This lesson is concerned with depressive disorders, known as unipolar depression, and the main features are:

• depressed mood
• negative thoughts
• loss of energy
• lack of motivation and drive

They may also suffer from:

• Poor appetite/weight loss or increased appetite/weight gain.
• Difficulties sleeping (insomnia/sleeping a lot/waking early)
• Shift in activity level (lethargic or agitated)
• Loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities
• Negative self-concept, self-blame
• Difficulty concentrating
• Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide

They may also have problems with personal hygiene and appearance and numerous hyperchondriacal complaints of pains and aches.

A person with depression will generally not have all of these symptoms. Depressed mood is usually the most dominant symptom. Depression affects about one in every five persons in the population at some point in their life.

Others Study Options

Perhaps you would like to help people improve their lives through life coaching or counselling. What about –

Certificate in Life Coaching

http://www.acs.edu.au/courses/Certificate-In-Life-Coaching-224.aspx

Life Coaching http://www.acs.edu.au/courses/Life-Coaching-33.aspx

Relationship and Communications Counselling http://www.acs.edu.au/courses/Relationships-Communication-Counselling-357.aspx

Grief Counselling http://www.acs.edu.au/courses/Grief-Counselling-148.aspx

Counselling Skills II http://www.acs.edu.au/courses/Counselling-Skills-II-29.aspx

Counselling Skills I http://www.acs.edu.au/courses/Counselling-Skills-L-340.aspx

Careers Counselling http://www.acs.edu.au/courses/Careers-Counselling-344.aspx

Counselling Techniques http://www.acs.edu.au/courses/Counselling-Techniques-333.aspx

Crisis Counselling http://www.acs.edu.au/courses/Crisis-Counselling-342.aspx

Stress Management http://www.acs.edu.au/courses/Stress-Management-295.aspx

Psychological Assessment http://www.acs.edu.au/courses/Psychological-Assessment-379.aspx

Professional Practice In Counselling http://www.acs.edu.au/courses/Professional-Practice-In-Counselling-32.aspx

Professional Supervision http://www.acs.edu.au/courses/Professional-Supervision-370.aspx

Diploma in Psychology and Counselling http://www.acs.edu.au/courses/Diploma-In-Counselling-Psychology-334.aspx

Certificate in Counselling (Care Professionals) http://www.acs.edu.au/courses/Certificate-In-Counselling-Care-Professionals-391.aspx

Or if you are not sure if psychology is for you, why not try our Introduction to Psychology - http://www.acs.edu.au/courses/product.aspx?id=359

If you would like to see our range of psychology books, please visit - http://www.acsbookshop.com/books_productcategory.aspx?id=14

For more information on the range of careers available in psychology, have a look at - http://www.thecareersguide.com/articles.aspx?category=14

We have some interesting articles on psychology and counseling at - http://www.acs.edu.au/psychol/